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According to its major function as master regulator of BA
2021-10-11
According to its major function as master regulator of BA homeostasis, FXR has been shown to have a specific tissue distribution; it is expressed along the entire gastrointestinal tract with a peak in the liver and ileum, as well as in the kidney, and adrenal glands [30], [66], [135]. Low FXR expres
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br Introduction Soluble guanylyl cyclase
2021-10-11
Introduction Soluble guanylyl cyclase (GC-1) maintains vascular function through the NO/GC-1/cGMP pathway [1,2] by catalyzing the conversion of GTP into cGMP (Fig. 1). The GC-1 heme prosthetic group binds NO with picomolar affinity, resulting in a 100- to 200-fold increase in catalytic activity.
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jak stat inhibitor In addition to these effects on metabolic
2021-10-11
In addition to these effects on metabolic function in cardiac cells, this study also demonstrates changes in the expression of hypertrophic genes and proteins subsequent to GPR119 activation. Again this occurred in a distinct pattern dependent on palmitate exposure. Of interest SOCS3 mRNAs were decr
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br Materials and Methods br Results All of the
2021-10-11
Materials and Methods Results All of the studied transporter genes were expressed at detectable levels in all the analyzed samples at mRNA level by means of applied rt-PCR method (CTselective serotonin reuptake inhibitor was observed for ABCC4, ABCC1, ABCG2, SLC22A3, and SLC22A18 (less than 1
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rad001 CD binding to gp causes a large
2021-10-11
CD4 binding to gp120 causes a large scale conformational change of gp120 which involves the gp120 core structure and the transitions of inner-domain layers (layer 1, 2 and 3), but also involves the movement of the major loops (V1, V2 and V3) [16], [17], [18], [19]. For instance, the V2-loop joins th
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A common feature of ferroptosis is
2021-10-09
A common feature of ferroptosis is the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid-ROS and the subsequent depletion of polyunsaturated fatty L-Phenylephrine synthesis phospholipids (PUFA-PLs) [118]. The PUFA chains of membrane lipids are more susceptible to both enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidation, whic
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In order to understand the determinants of high affinity
2021-10-09
In order to understand the determinants of high affinity of with amide side chain, an X-ray crystal structure of human liver FBPase in complex with was determined (). The position of phosphonate group and tricyclic scaffold of is similar to those of with no side chain, which suggests the formation o
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The components of the SAGA complex including Gcn have
2021-10-09
The components of the SAGA complex including Gcn5 have recently been found to be involved in regulating pathways that are required for development and virulence in different species under the environmental stresses, around 10% of S. cerevisiae genes are activated by the transcriptional coactivator S
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br Conclusion br Author contributions
2021-10-09
Conclusion Author contributions Ethics approval Competing interests Introduction VHL is a well-known tumor suppressor and works as a target recruitment subunit of an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that recruits hydroxylated hypoxia inducible factor α (HIF-α) for proteasomal degradation u
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In the Hedgehog signaling pathway cholesterol is required to
2021-10-09
In the Hedgehog signaling pathway, cholesterol is required to activate SMO (Cooper et al., 2003), the downstream target of PTCH1. A previous study (Bidet et al., 2011) reported that Patched expression in yeast phorbol 12 myristate 13 acetate increased extrusion of a fluorescent boron dipyromethanen
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ML 277 Recently CFS has been included in
2021-10-09
Recently, CFS has been included in the group “low cystine and glutamine syndromes,” which are characterized by a combination of abnormally low plasma levels of these two aminoacids, as well as reduced natural killer cell activity, and increased rates of urea production [13]. Some studies indicated
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br Introduction Few decades after of HIV AIDS diagnosis
2021-10-09
Introduction Few decades after of HIV/AIDS diagnosis, it has been still a health problem and impact will continue in the next decades. In 2015, HIV/AIDS was the 12th cause of death in the world and it's estimated that 1.2 million people was died of HIV/AIDS this year. In the global epidemiologic
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The HIV genome encodes for a variety of viral proteins
2021-10-09
The HIV-1 genome encodes for a variety of viral proteins necessary for target cell entry and viral replication. gp120 is an HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein that mediates viral particle entry by binding to cell surface receptor CD4 and co-receptors CXCR4 and/or CCR5 depending on viral tropism. While CXCR
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Similarly both neofunctionalization and subfunctionalization
2021-10-09
Similarly, both neofunctionalization and subfunctionalization likely occurred for the duplicated proglucagon genes. The change in function of GLP-1 would be a neofunctionalization, however in this case it acquired a redundant function – a function that largely overlaps with glucagon effects in the l
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In this study an galactosidase gene
2021-10-08
In this study, an α-galactosidase gene, GalA, from a Aspergillus oryzae strain RIB40 [14] was artificially synthesized. To produce high levels of secretory expression in Pichia and facilitate its industrial application, we systematically investigated the gene dosages and the role of the ERSAs, namel
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